Fundamental Liberties in Federal Constitution - 2333 Words

INTRODUCTION: Fundamental liberties in Malaysia can best being referred to our own Federal Constitution (FC). It is fall into part II of the Federal Constitution. It basically refers to Malaysian liberties throughout their lives living in Malaysia. There are 9 articles regarding the fundamental in the Federal Constitution starting from articles 5 to 13. The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights also recognised fundamental liberties as it stated that,all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Everyone is endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. POINTS: Article 5 is liberty of the person. This article stated that no person can be deprived of their†¦show more content†¦Every person has the right to propagate his religion, but state law and, in respect of the Federal Territories, federal law may control or restrict the propagation of any religious doctrine or belief among Muslims. There is, however, freedom to carry on missionary work among non-Muslims. However, propagation of religion is subjected to clause 4 where the state and federal law may restrict, control the act of propagation of any religion among persons professing Islam and in clause 5, it stated that in exercising religious practices, the Federal Constitution forbids any act which may lead to public disorder, affect public health or public morality. Rights in respect of education are the statement of Article 12. There shall be no discrimination against any citizen on the grounds only of religion, race, descent or place of birth for education. We can see in subject to article 152 the national language which is Bahasa Melayu and Article 153 focuses on Bumiputra quotas. In the last article, Article 13, rights to property states that no person may be deprived of property save in accordance with law. No law may provide for the compulsory acquisition or use of property without adequate compensation. Anyone subject to acquisition by the government. But entitled to receive fair and reasonable compensation CONCLUSION: As a conclusion, there is practice of Fundamental Liberties in Malaysia as stated in our Federal Constitution (FC). As citizen, we have the rightShow MoreRelatedDo State Laws Prohibit Same Sex Marriage Violate The United States Constitution1444 Words   |  6 PagesDo state laws prohibiting same-sex marriage violate the United States Constitution? This is a question that will be presented before the United States Supreme Court. Four states with bans restricting marriage to a union between one man and one woman will be considered. The question at hand relies on the Court’s interpretation of the 14th Amendment in both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protections Clause; the Court will also have to consider the question of State’s rights and whether the StateRead MoreMalaysian Legal System1711 Words   |  7 PagesModel Answer 1 Every citizen is protected under the Federal Constitution which entrenches certain ‘fundamental liberties’. In this context, explain what is meant by ‘fundamental liberties’ and state the main liberties so entrenched in the Federal Constitution. (10 marks) (This question tests the candidates’ knowledge on ‘fundamental liberties’ as provided for in the Federal Constitution.) The phrase, ‘Fundamental Liberties’, refers to certain rights, which may be considered as basic and essentialRead MoreThe Legal System Of The United Kingdom1000 Words   |  4 Pagesthe same fundamental concept of ‘Common Law’ with their common law being based upon their constitution. 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Framers, fearful of large centralized government, wrote the Bill of Rights as protection against federal government and not state government. The adoption of the Fourteenth Amendment, however, blurred the lines of the BillRead MoreD Hamilton And Madison Views On The Necessity Of A Bill Of Rights970 Words   |  4 Pages84 dismissed the idea held by Antifederalists that the Constitution was flawed because it lacked a bill of rights. He began his essay reminding the public that the structure of the Constitution through separation of powers and check and balances prevented abuse of power. In addition, he pointed out the six provisions that specifically provided safeguards against the abuse of power by the Federal and State governments o n individual liberties, making a bill of rights unnecessary. In particularRead MoreMalaysian Fundamental Liberties1392 Words   |  6 PagesWHAT are fundamental liberties? Fundamental liberties are rights and freedoms that we have as human beings. Some fundamental liberties are set out in the Constitution. Because these rights and freedoms are set out in the Constitution, they are said to be ‘guaranteed’ and cannot be taken away from us unless the Constitution itself allows it. The Fundamental Liberties guaranteed under the Constitution: Article 5 – Right to life and personal liberty Every person has a right to life and liberty. A person’sRead MoreThe Amendment Of The 14th Amendment974 Words   |  4 Pagesthat the fundamental rights provided by the Bill of Rights were not guaranteed by the state. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled in favor of Baltimore, concluding hat the 5th amendment was limited and should be followed by the Federal government. Through this case, Supreme Court Justice John Marshall declared that the Bill of Rights applied to the federal government, not including the states. According to Section 1 of the 14th Amendment, â€Å"government laws must not abridge upon the life, liberty, or propertyRead MoreThe Issue Of Same Sex Marriage Essay1645 Words   |  7 PagesOverview On June 26, 2015, the U.S. Supreme Court, with a 5—4 majority decision, held that marriage is a fundamental right that should apply to same-sex couples based on the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause. Based on The Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution, all fifty states must license and recognize a marriage between two people of the same gender. This is a significant change in the history of the United States, and supporters of the case honor the five judges in their reasonable

Causes And Consequences Of Children Obesity - 1841 Words

Causes of Children Obesity Imagine yourself walking into a kindergarten class, and all you see are obese children not walking, but moving on wheels because they simply cannot walk anymore due to their excess body weight. Their legs are so weak since they have to handle so much more weight than what they are designed to do. This vision may no longer be fictional if the world keeps ignoring the issue of childhood obesity. Nowadays, not only adults, but the number of children who are obese are incredibly high. The topic has to be taken more seriously because it is not only bad for their health obviously but it is also abusive. Youngsters with obesity will tend to stay obese when they grow up and we can all agree it is not so pleasant to be†¦show more content†¦However, in order to achieve these â€Å"amazing skills†, our youngsters have to do nothing but sit in one place with their machines on hands. For instance, Gary Ruskin has shown us the number of hours in which youth spend on watching televi sion each week, â€Å"The average American child watches 19 hours and 40 minutes of TV per week--more than a thousand hours each year† ( paragraph 14). This has shown how inactive kids are in theses days. Thus, it has been confirmed by the research Relationship of Physical Activity and Television watch with Body Weight and the level of Fatness Among Children that watching TV plays a big part in child obesity since the human body cannot burn much fat efficiently when in the state of not physically active. Although American kids are doing harm to themselves by sitting and doing nothing, the case gets even worse when we look at the minorities such as African American kids, â€Å"African American teens watch 40 percent more prime time TV per week and nearly twice as much daytime TV as other teens† (Ruskin, paragraph 15). These facts are terrifying as it shows how unhealthy our next generations would be if this trend keep goes up. There are several reasons for this situatio n. One may comes from financial burdens which lead to kids having no luxuries in doing sports or

Financial Market Development Free Essays

In many of the developing countries it has been hitherto believed that the financial market reform has to be gyrating around the commercial banking system. It is true that the commercial banking sector’s contribution to growth in economy in these developing countries such as Chile and Mexico has over time grown inextricably connected to the development and growth of the other related capital market areas such as equity, government debts and the corporate securities. Therefore, reform in the capital market has hitherto emphasized the use of strategies with the potential of not only strengthening but also deepening the capital markets i. We will write a custom essay sample on Financial Market Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now e. both the debt and equity markets. This paper seeks to highlight the general issues in the development in the capital markets such as GDP, interest rate spreads not only in the global context but also in the developing countries thereby showing how the global trends have affected developing countries and these countries’ policy response so as attract, emulate and manage reform and development in domestic capital markets. The paper finally highlights the comparative trends in domestic capital market with specific focus to country experience: Chile and Mexico in regards to their participation in international capital market. Development of a country is measured by the GDP. However there are other factors which the UN has identified as measure for development such as life expectancy, rate of literacy etc. The UN has on the other developed a compound indicator called HDI which is a combination of the above named measures and is used to measure level of development. The global economy generally impacts on the economy, especially on the capital market of the developing countries. This means that governments cannot borrow because the states that lend are also engrossed in economic woes of recession. Further, if the lending states manage to lend, the interest rates are higher than recommended thus pushing thus tradi0ng a big blow to the development of the developing countries (BoÃ… ¼yk, 2006). In countering the global; economic trend especially that of recession, the developing countries have resolved to internal borrowing through the use of corporate securities and bonds in the state owned corporations so as to raise the money required to run these governments and initiate industrialization and other forms of development. Secondly, the governments in the developing countries have resolved to IPOs thus relinquishing their right in state owned organizations to the public to raise the much required funds. The practice in developing countries implies that financial integration facilitates growth of capital markets but it may negatively affect the volatility of share prices and efficiency of stock market especially when the capital market reforms are not suitable (Sheffrin, 2003). The main questions that remain are how the developing countries can develop without depending on the already developed countries for assistance, can GDP alone be used to measure development in the developing countries? How can the developing countries manage to insulate their economies from being affected and greatly influenced by the global economic trends such as recession through their capital markets without necessarily adversely affecting the volatility of the stock market and share prices? Actually, the countries that qualify to categorize as developing can invest heavily in the capital market thereby using the funds raised from these investments in industrialization and other forms of sustaining developments. For instance, the countries such as Chile and Mexico have invested in the capital market top help catapult the development needed .but it has proven such a step if not carefully managed may lead to the total crashing of the capital; markets. The two countries are simply a tale of capital market crises. The 1994 Mexican peso crisis demonstrates a typical capital market crisis which sent shock waves through the global economy. In the 1980s, Chile suffered a similar crisis as Mexico because of the 1970s structural reforms characterized by a radical opportunity in the economy; rampant privatization, and deregu- lation effort in a bid to realize a modern financial sector. Â  In a bid to save themselves from the capital market crises, the countries’ use of predetermined exchange rates aimed to get rid of inflation collaborated with the resultant huge capital inflows intermediated by a fragile banking system to bring forth an exchange- rate overvaluation, a susceptible financial sector and the eventual crumpling of the currency How to cite Financial Market Development, Papers

War 2 Essay Example For Students

War 2 Essay In Night, by Elie Wiesel, there is an underlying theme of anger. Anger not directed where it seems most appropriate- at the Nazis- but rather a deeper, inbred anger directed towards God. Having once been a role model of everything a good Jew should be, Wiesel slowly transforms into a faithless human being. He cannot comprehend why the God who is supposed to love and care for His people would refuse to protect them from the Germans. This anger grows as Wiesel does and is a constant theme throughout the book. Early in Night, Elie Wiesel begins to express doubt about his faith. Some talked of God, of his mysterious ways, and of their future deliverance. But I had ceased to pray. How I sympathized with Job! I did not deny Gods existence, but I doubted His absolute justice. (42) A good example of the mental shift occurring within Wiesel, this passage. Having grown up as a child of extreme faith in God and his divine power, this is a striking contrast of spiritual views. Young Wiesel once spent hours praying to God when he had very little concerns (especially when compared to his concerns in the concentration camp). Now that he is in a very trying time, one would think that his faith would be something he would desire to find comfort in. The tone of the first sentence almost sounds sarcastic- as if Wiesel thinks it odd that his people would even consider praying at all. He seems to view himself as being above all of that, not needing his faith- as he felt it could (or would) do nothing to help save him. In Wiesels sympathizing with Job, I see a contradiction, however. Job was a man of tremendous faith in God who, even when everything (famine, pestilence, death of all of his family, disease, poverty) went wrong, he still had faith in God. Job never doubted that the Lord would sustain him and support him. While on the other hand, Wiesel has given up all hope that he will be rescued by his faith. He has not stopped believing in God, however. Perhaps he has stopped belie ving in the particular God he has grown up worshiping. The last sentence shows us that he still believes that there is a God, he simply no longer trusts him. He feels as though his people have been betrayed and God is allowing the Jews to become victims for no apparent reason. As Night progresses, Wiesel becomes increasingly more hostile towards God. What are You, my God, I thought angrily, compared to this afflicted crowd, proclaiming to You their faith, their anger, their revolt? What does Your greatness mean, Lord of the universe, in the face of all this weakness, this decomposition, and this decay? Why do You still trouble their sick minds, their crippled bodies? (63) In this passage Wiesel has become more overtly angry with God. He no longer hides behind the reverence he has grown up knowing. Rather he is openly charging God with not only the destruction of the Jewish people, but also with continually plaguing their thoughts. Having the false hope that God may one day save them seems like a cruel joke. Wiesel seems to be saying that if God has already decided not to save them, than the least He can do is quit allowing the people to pray to and follow Him. Wiesel also seems angry at the thought of comparing Gods infinite greatness with the complete disintegration of the people in the concentration camps. Thinking about Gods power and strength seems impossible when the only people surrounding Wiesel who are in positions of power are the enemy. It seems almost morbidly amusing that the Jews are relying on this Savior who allows such horrible conditions to continue. If he is so wonderful, why does he not save them? Later in Night, Wiesel starts to believe that he has become a stranger among his own people and religion. He no longer feels any spiritual connection with the other Jewish people. Once I had believed profoundly that upon one solitary deed of mine, one solitary prayer, depended the salvation of the world. This day I had ceased to plead. I was no lon ger capable of lamentation. On the contrary, I felt very strong. I was the accuser, God the accused. My eyes were open and I was terribly alone- terribly alone in a world without God and without man. Without love or mercy. I had ceased to be anything but ashes, yet I felt myself to be stronger than the Almighty, to whom my life had been tied for so long. I stood amid that praying congregation, observing it like a stranger. (65) The tone of the passage as a whole is not remarkably violent, but the words Wiesel uses are strong, nonetheless (perhaps even stronger than in the previous passages). The passage beings with the word once. This leads the reader to the understanding that Wiesel had believed something at some previous time, but no longer feels the same way. This can be compared to the following paragraph which begins This day(italics mine). This shows the distinction between an old and new Wiesel. Not only was he physically changing during this time, his emotional changes were causing a change in his belief system. In this passage we see the inner reckoning of Wiesel to the conflict he has been fighting within himself. Until now, Wiesel has felt guilty about his growing distrust in God. Since childhood, the focus of the young boys life has been spiritual- and now he feels betrayed. He even goes as far as saying that he, the accuser, is accusing God himself. Wiesel goes on to say that his was alone- terribly alone. There is nothing in this world- religion, man, love, mercy- except Wiesel himself. This is ironic, seeing that he and the other Jews were so tightly packed into first the ghetto, then the trains, finally the camps themselves. It would seem- physically, at least- that Wiesel was closer to more people at this point than ever before in his life. He tells us, however, that he feel as though he is terribly, terribly alone. Wiesel talks of feeling that he is stronger than God. He sees those around him as being weak because of their need for God. Needi ng anything while in captivity can only make him weaker and more vulnerable. Because Wiesel feels abandoned and has calloused over his need for God, he feels stronger than the rest of the Jewish people- stronger even than the One they need. Bibliography: .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 , .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .postImageUrl , .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 , .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94:hover , .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94:visited , .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94:active { border:0!important; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94:active , .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94 .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udf84d94989efdb1379ffdb0493425c94:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Righard Wright Essay We will write a custom essay on War 2 specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now

Language And Social Skills Children And Young People Essays

Language And Social Skills Children And Young People Essays Language And Social Skills Children And Young People Essay Language And Social Skills Children And Young People Essay Play is the most of import portion of the kids development. Play allows the kids to heighten their physical development, psychosocial development and cognitive development. Most parents see sketchs with their kids as a manner to assist their kid learn. I have watched many kids s telecasting plans like blue s hints, the spell show, and Dora the adventurer, to understand how these telecasting plans help in kids and babe s development. I chose the Dora the adventurer sketch show to heighten my understanding about the kid development. Dora the adventurer is an alive kids s telecasting show. Dora the adventurer show programmed to prosecute kindergartner activities in a play-along, computer-style escapade. Dora the adventurer is an illustration of physical development. Physical development focuses on the physical growing and the development of both gross motor accomplishments ( e.g. Walking, leaping ) and all right motor accomplishments ( e.g. Finger motions, oculus coordination ) control over the organic structure. Dora the adventurer on-screen character speaking with the kid encourages the kid to take portion, label objects, vocals and dance actions allow for motions with control and coordination. Dora the adventurer animated besides influences the cognitive development theory, cognitive theory is a alteration and stableness in mental ability such as acquisition, thought, and memory. The Dora the Explorer allows the kids to believe of a manner to acquire out and to acquire to their finish, so this helps kids deriving cognition and solvingA jobs in day-to-day life, which enhances their memory capableness. Television provides the kids with a valuable tool at place for great acquisition. Another theory is influences psychosocial development by Erik Erikson to acquire through the thought of personality. Watching and larning from on screen shows allow kids to derive cognition of societal acquisition ; this enhances their self-esteem, larning ab out the civilization and society and teaches them how to interact with people. Cartoons besides use looks that allow kids to copy and use in day-to-day life. Learning new looks from drama allows kids how and when to demo the emotions. These allow the kids to promote self-awareness about the universe around them. The drama is really indispensable for kid development. Reading books to immature kids is the best manner to advance linguistic communication development and linguistic communication accomplishments like speech production, reading, and listening. Book reading is good for a kid s development to derive imaginativeness. Reading books to kids at place can promote their reading accomplishments. Books should hold something like forms, short narratives, images, bright colourss that kids will happen interesting, gratifying, and merriment. This will assist develop a sense of reader grasp. When kids have books in their place, they are more likely to sit down and read them. Parents can and should promote an grasp for reading ( Elrod, n.d ) . When reading a book to kids the reader needs to maintain few things in head for best consequences. The books you choose for the kids need to be short and simple, attractive, use appropriate linguistic communication, speak clearly, easy, and utilize the look, as some kids learn verbally and some non- verbally. Re ading books to kids that influence the societal acquisition theory by Albert s bandura. In societal larning theory Albert Bandura ( 1977 ) provinces behavior is learned from the environment through the procedure of experimental acquisition. Children observe the people around them acting in assorted ways ( McLeod, 2011 ) . Children learn many different ways ; some learn rapidly by visibly, for illustration, books that got colourss, image, and forms with it and some learn verbally, for example- copying the look and words. Using assorted techniques to heighten linguistic communication development, melodies of the voice and acquiring them to turn the page that influences the theory of positive support. If imitated behaviours and effect are fulfilling so the kid is likely to execute behaviours. If parents are promoting and giving them positive feedback, so the behaviour is likely to reiterate as it provides the kid with strengths. Simply utilizing the booking reading tools at place hel ps them learn. Childs are really sensitive. We need to manage them with attention. So far, the information I have gained through the instruction of drama and linguistic communication development of babes, and kids provided me with a greater apprehension that could act upon my hereafter pattern as a wellness professional. Skills that I have gained from the cognition of reading books to kids are to make an environment that allows kids to understand their personality, which will assist kids to be more synergistic. As a wellness professional, I build a warm and unfastened environment for kids to experience secure. In order to accomplish my nursing pattern, I need to utilize or set the techniques in my pattern, and they are distractions, communicating, and instruction. Have a conversation with kids for example- about their front-runner show, inquiring inquiries with slow gait and leting them to reply and educating them for being healthy. This will heighten their apprehension while mine. The usage of dis traction techniques in my pattern can enable me to finish a hard undertaking with kids like taking medical specialty ; I can acquire the kid to move like a ace hero and be strong and inquiring them to stand directly like a strong soldier. These accomplishments can assist me to construct a trust and a relationship when I am working or managing childs. Constructing a relationship creates an environment where kids experience unafraid take hazards. In my decision, drama is a precious portion of childhood that offers kids of import developmental benefits and parents the chance to prosecute to the full with their kids . Thus Influences kids and babes physical development, cognitive development and psychosocial development. Play allows kids to larn new things and to understand the universe around them. Reading books is another of import facet to heighten their development. Reading books to kids will assist kids derive linguistic communication accomplishments. I have gained many accomplishments that can be relevant or may act upon my nursing pattern as a wellness professional.The cognition of kids and babes about their drama and book reading. I learned many techniques that will do my nursing pattern easier when I have to measure kids and babes. Distractions, pass oning techniques are helpful in nursing pattern. Communicating with kids about their favourite shows and inquiring them inquiries. Therefore, all cognition I have gotten of the drama and book helpful.

Profile of Serial Rapist and Torturer David Parker Ray

Profile of Serial Rapist and Torturer David Parker Ray David Parker Ray, also known as the Toy-Box Killer, was a serial rapist and torturer and suspected serial killer. Police in Arizona and New Mexico suspect that Ray was responsible for the murders of at least 60 people, based on accusations by his accomplices. Ray earned the moniker the Toy-Box Killer because he spent $100,000 sound-proofing and stocking a truck trailer with devices used to torture his victims. He referred to the trailer as the toy box. Early Years Ray was born in Belen, New Mexico, on November 6, 1939. His parents, Cecil and Nettie Ray, were poor and lived with Netties parents on a small ranch where they raised David and his younger sister Peggy. Cecil was an abusive drunk who lashed out at his wife and children. He eventually left Nettie and the children when David was 10 years old. After Cecil divorced Nettie, the decision was made to send David and Peggy to live with their grandparents on their rural ranch in Mountainair, New Mexico. Life for David and Peggy took a dramatic turn. Their grandfather, Ethan Ray, was nearing 70 years old and lived with strict standards which he expected the grandchildren to follow. Failure to follow his rules would often result in the children being physically disciplined. At school David, who was tall, shy and awkward, had a hard time fitting in and was often bullied by his classmates. Much of his spare time was spent alone drinking and using drugs. It was during this time that David Ray began to develop his secret fascination of sadomasochism. David Rays sister discovered his collection of erotic photographs of acts of bondage and sadomasochistic drawings. After high school, he worked as an auto mechanic before joining the Army, where he again worked as a mechanic. He received an honorable discharge from the Army. Years later, he told his fiancà © that his first victim was a woman he tied to a tree and tortured and murdered when he had just become a teenager. Whether this was true or materialized out of his constant fantasies of bondage and torture is unknown. The Escape On March 22, 1999, in Elephant Butte, New Mexico, 22-year-old Cynthia Vigil, covered in blood, naked and with a metal choker collar padlocked around her neck, was running for her life. She had no idea where she was and desperate to find help before her captors caught up with her, she spotted a mobile home with the front door opened. Cynthia ran inside, pleading for help from the shocked homeowner. The police arrived shortly afterward and listened as Cynthia told her terrifying story of kidnap and torture. Held as a Sex Slave She told them that a man and a woman had kidnapped her and held her as a sex slave for three days. There she was raped and tortured with whips, medical instruments, electric shock, and other sexual instruments until she managed to escape. The bruises, burns and puncture wounds that covered her body backed up her story. According to Cynthia, she met her captors in  Albuquerque  while working as a prostitute. The man had offered her $20 in exchange for oral sex and they went to his RV. Inside there was a woman who helped the man tie and gag her, along with placing a metal collar around her neck. They drove for over an hour before stopping and dragged Cynthia inside a trailer where she was chained to a bedpost. She then listened to an audiotape describing what would be happening to her while she was there. On the tape, a man she assumed was David Ray, explained that she was now a sex slave and she was to refer to him only as master and the woman with him as mistress and never to speak unless spoken to first. She would be naked and chained up, fed, and cared for like a dog. She would be tortured, raped, perform for friends while having sex with animals, subjected to anal penetration with large dildos and placed in various positions which exposed the private areas of her body. She was also warned that she was one of many slaves that had been held captive and many of those who did not cooperate, died. Fighting For Her Life A FBI team investigates the toy box trailer. Joe Raedle / Getty Images By the third day of her captivity, Cynthia had been exposed to electric shocks, endured being cattle prodded, whipped, and had medical instruments and large dildos inserted into her vagina and rectum. She was hung up and raped repeatedly by David Ray. Cynthia was certain that soon she was going to be killed. She managed to escape after Ray left the trailer and she got a hold of the keys and unlocked herself from the chain. She tried to call 9-1-1 but was interrupted by her female captor. The two fought and Cynthia managed to grab an ice pick and stab the woman in the neck. She then ran from the house and kept running until she found the mobile home. Cynthia provided the police with the location of the trailer, but they were already at the home after the 9-1-1 call abruptly ended. Inside The Toy Box David Parker Ray and his girlfriend, Cindy Lea Hendy were apprehended. During questioning the two stuck to the same story - that Cynthia was a heroin addict and they were trying to help her detoxify. A search of Rays property told another story. Inside Rays mobile home the police found evidence that backed up Cynthias story, including the audiotape. Inside another trailer that sat next to the mobile home was what detectives assumed was the Toy Box as Ray called it. Inside were various instruments of torture, drawn pictures of how Ray would torture his victims and various restraints, pulleys, whips, and sexual devices. However, the most shocking piece of evidence was a videotape of a woman being tortured by the couple. Ray and Hendy were arrested and charged with multiple counts including kidnapping. As the investigation continued, additional evidence revealed that there had been many more victims and more than just Ray and Hendy involved in the crimes. Investigators also suspected that along with Ray being a serial rapist, he was also likely a serial killer. Angelica Montano The problem that the authorities faced was Cynthias credibility. She was an admitted prostitute and there was no way to prove that she was not there willingly. But then, after the newspapers ran the story about the couples arrest, another victim came forward. Angelica Montano told police that she had also been kidnapped, raped and tortured by Ray and Hendy for three days, then drugged and left by a highway out in the desert. She was found by the police, but for unknown reasons, her complaint against the couple was never followed up. She decided to pursue it again after she saw that the two had been arrested. Kelly Garrett Investigators also found the woman that was on the videotape after they identified a tattoo on her ankle. Kelly Garrett, who was found in Colorado, had been married just a few days before she was held captive by Ray and his daughter, Jesse Ray. Jesse Ray, who was friends with Garrett, took her to a bar and drugged the beer that she was drinking. As Garrett struggled to leave the bar, Ray hit her on the head from behind. She was subjected to torture and rape for three days, then drugged and left on the side of the road near her in-laws home. Garretts in-laws assumed she had been on a drug binge, and she was still too confused to recall exactly what had happened. As a result, she was asked to leave and she returned to Colorado. As time went on she remembered more about her ordeal, but she still suffered from amnesia. Cindy Hendy: A Quick Turnaround Once in custody, Cindy Hendy was quick to turn on Ray in a plea deal that included a reduced sentence. She told investigators that Ray told her about 14 murders that he had committed and where some of the bodies had been dumped. She also told of some of the different ways Ray would torture his victims which included using a mirror which was mounted in the ceiling, above the gynecologist-type  table  he used to strap his victims to so that they would have to watch was being done to them. Ray would also put his victims in wooden contraptions that bent them over and immobilized them while he had his dogs rape them and sometimes other friends.   She also gave the names of other accomplices, which included Rays daughter, Glenda Jesse Ray and Dennis Roy Yancy. According to Hendy, Jesse and Dennis had participated in the murder of Dennis ex-girlfriend, 22-year-old Marie Parker. Dennis Roy Yancy: The Fear Factor Yancy was brought in for questioning and eventually admitted to being present when Ray and his daughter Jesse kidnapped Parker and took her to the Toy Box. After three days of torture, Ray and Jesse told Yancy to kill her, which he did by strangling her with a rope. Yancy said Ray threatened to kill him if he ever told anyone about it. Glenda Jean Jesse Ray: Complete Denial Jesse Ray denied having anything to do with her father, the abductions, or with the murder of Marie Parker. Sentencing Joe Raedle / Getty Images Cindy Hendy was sentenced to 36 years as agreed to in the plea bargain. She also testified against Ray during his trials. Dennis Roy Yancy received two 15-year sentences for second-degree murder and conspiracy to commit first-degree murder. He was released after serving 11 years, but returned to custody until 2021, after violating his parole. Jesse Ray was found guilty of kidnapping women for sexual torture and was sentenced to nine years in prison, six of which could be served out of prison and on parole. It was decided that David Parker Ray would be tried separately for each victim - Cynthia Vigil, Angelica Montano, and Kelly Garrett. He later agreed to a plea deal and he was sentenced to 224 years. Death On May 28, 2002, Ray died of a heart attack while on his way to an interrogation by state police at Lea County Correctional Facility.

Should the alcohol drinking age be increased or decreased Essay

Should the alcohol drinking age be increased or decreased - Essay Example In the modern world it is quite observant that teenagers consume more alcohol compared to an adult. There are strict laws in place regarding consumption of alcohol before attaining a minimum age still most of the college students have made consumption of alcohol a new trend in the society. Many people argue in favor of consumption of alcohol after attaining a certain age but the dangerous effects of alcohol consumption is significant. Alcohol consumption is highly dangerous for teenagers as well as adults because consumption of alcohol increases the flow of blood from the heart to other parts of the body (Johnston 5). Due to increase in blood circulation the pulse rate goes high and people become more exited compared to normal state. The high circulation in blood also results in extraction of other body hormones resulting in abnormal secretion of hormone. Excessive drinking results in high blood pressure and it can be dangerous for a person’s health if blood pressure always remains at a high state. High blood pressure can cause several neurological diseases. Due to high flow of blood in the brain and other parts of body the brain starts behaving abnormally. This abnormality reflects in a person’s behavioral characteristics. If a person consumes more alcohol he/she starts losing out control of anger. Adults who consume alcohol on a regular basis should remember that alcohol can cause serious health p roblems if consumed at a large scale. Teenagers attaining age 16 or above mostly have a tendency to consume alcohol with friends in unsafe places. Alcohol has many disastrous effects starting from stomach infection to kidney and liver failure. Alcohol is available in different compositions in market today. They are some medicinal effects of alcohol especially in case of heart problems. Since alcohol has a tendency to increase the flow of blood hence it can be used for proper blood circulations at times. However doctors strictly mention that